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Cambodian firms need decentralized wastewater treatment techs

chinagate.cn, March 23, 2015 Adjust font size:

Tongji University recently issued a survey report on Cambodian wastewater treatment technology demands, listed the needs for sewage treatment technology in Cambodia and discussed possible cooperation on wastewater treatment technology between Cambodia and China.

Phnom Penh, located on the banks of the Tonlé Sap and Mekong River, is the capital and largest city of Cambodia. It is the nation's center of economic and industrial activities, as well as the center of security, politics, cultural heritage, and diplomacy. Cambodia has a stable domestic politics and social economy, with an annual GDP growth rate of above 7%. However, as the economic activity and annual GDP of Phnom Penh continue to grow, so too has its sewage problem. The municipal infrastructure in Cambodia, even in its capital, has lagged behind its social development.

Industrial enterprises’ need for decentralized wastewater treatment technology and facilities

Cambodia has an industrial system centered on light industry, in which garment manufacturing occupies a large share. According to the Garment Manufacturers Association of Cambodia, there are 550 garment factories in Cambodia of which 60 are garment washing plants. Seventy percent of these factories are owned by Chinese investment companies.

After spinning, dyeing and garmenting, textile needs to be washed for decontamination, shrink-proofing and other special visual functions. This washing process produces fiber tow, dyes, pastes and chemical additives (detergent, softener etc.). Without treatment, discharge from the washing process will cause serious water pollution.

The Cambodian government is currently improving its environmental legislation and regulations to meet its social development objectives. It is therefore forcing enterprises to run primary wastewater treatment (Table1). The original simple water filtration device for the washing process cannot meet current water quality discharge standards. There is an urgent need to introduce advanced technology and equipment for washing wastewater treatment.

Table 1Effluent standard for pollution sources discharging wastewater to public water areas or sewer access

 

No

Parameters(项目)

Unit

(单位)

Allowable limits for pollutant substance discharging to(限值)

Protected public water area

Public water area and sewer

1

Temperature

0C

< 45

< 45

2

pH

 

6 – 9

5 - 9

3

BOD5 ( 5 days at 200 C )

mg/l

< 30

< 80

4

COD

mg/l

< 50

< 100

5

Total Suspended Solids

mg/l

< 50

< 80

6

Total Dissolved Solids

mg/l

< 1000

< 2000

7

Grease and Oil

mg/l

< 5.0

< 15

8

Detergents

mg/l

< 5.0

< 15

9

Phenols

mg/l

< 0.1

< 1.2

10

Nitrate (NO3 )

mg/l

< 10

< 20

11

Chlorine ( free )

mg/l

< 1.0

< 2.0

12

Chloride ( ion )

mg/l

< 500

< 700

13

Sulphate ( as SO4 )

mg/l

< 300

< 500

14

Sulphide ( as Sulphur )

mg/l

< 0.2

< 1.0

15

Phosphate ( PO4 )

mg/l

< 3.0

< 6.0

16

Cyanide ( CN )

mg/l

< 0.2

< 1.5

17

Barium ( Ba )

mg/l

< 4.0

< 7.0

18

Arsenic ( As )

mg/l

< 0.10

< 1.0

19

Tin ( Sn )

mg/l

< 2.0

< 8.0

20

Iron ( Fe )

mg/l

< 1.0

< 20

21

Boron ( B )

mg/l

< 1.0

< 5.0

22

Manganese ( Mn )

mg/l

< 1.0

< 5.0

23

Cadmium ( Cd )

mg/l

< 0.1

< 0.5

24

Chromium ( Cr )+3

mg/l

< 0.2

< 1.0

25

Chromium ( Cr )+6

mg/l

< 0.05

< 0.5

26

Copper ( Cu )

mg/l

< 0.2

< 1.0

27

Lead ( Pb )

mg/l

< 0.1

< 1.0

28

Mercury (Hg )

mg/l

< 0.002

< 0.05

29

Nickel ( Ni )

mg/l

< 0.2

< 1.0

30

Selenium ( Se )

mg/l

< 0.05

< 0.5

31

Silver ( Ag )

mg/l

< 0.1

< 0.5

32

Zinc ( Zn )

mg/l

< 1.0

< 3.0

33

Molybdenum ( Mo )

mg/l

< 0.1

< 1.0

34

Ammonia ( NH3 )

mg/l

< 5.0

< 7.0

35

DO

mg/l

> 2.0

> 1.0

36

Polychlorinated Biphenyl

mg/l

< 0.003

< 0.003

37

Calcium

mg/l

< 150

< 200

38

Magnesium

mg/l

< 150

< 200

39

Carbon tetrachloride

mg/l

< 3

< 3

40

Hexachloro benzene

mg/l

< 2

< 2

41

DTT

mg/l

< 1.3

< 1.3

42

Endrin

mg/l

< 0.01

< 0.01

43

Dieldrin

mg/l

< 0.01

< 0.01

44

Aldrin

mg/l

< 0.01

< 0.01

45

Isodrin

mg/l

< 0.01

< 0.01

46

Perchloro ethylene

mg/l

< 2.5

< 2.5

47

Hexachloro butadiene

mg/l

< 3

< 3

48

Chloroform

mg/l

< 1

< 1

49

1,2 Dichloro ethylene

mg/l

< 2.5

< 2.5

50

Trichloro ethylene

mg/l

< 1

< 1

51

Trichloro benzene

mg/l

< 2

< 2

52

Hexaxhloro cyclohexene

mg/l

< 2

< 2

 

 

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