China Exclusive: Does rise of machine translations threaten interpreters?

If, as the Chinese proverb states, "to learn a language is to have one more window from which to look at the world", Chinese search engine Baidu has provided the country with a portal that puts the earth at their fingertips.

Earlier this month, the Baidu Translate app was given a top national science award for their work advancing machine translations in a rarely seen honor for internet companies.

"It earned the honor for its technological merit and social significance," Wang Haifeng, vice president of Baidu, said in an exclusive interview with Xinhua.

"The Baidu Translate App can recognize text, voices and even pictures. For example, travellers can take a photo of the menu and the App will read the menu and do the translation."

Wang has led the research team for Baidu Translate over the past six years. He said the software can now translate between 27 languages, currently has 500 million users worldwide and responds to over 100 million translation requirements everyday.

It is often used by online retailers to translate product descriptions, saving them the cost of hiring translators.

And it is expanding quickly, taking them only about 11 days to launch a new language, Wang said.

"We collect bilingual data on the Internet, the computer will then study the data automatically and form translation models accordingly," he said.

But the rapid development of machine translations has raised concerns that translating jobs may soon be endangered or whether learning a second language will soon be useless.

Zou Tingfang, an interpreter involved in legal work, believes machine translations are unlikely to beat translators in the foreseeable future.

"I resort to software when doing translations, but I never use it when interpreting. Machines still have many limits," she said. "Language, especially when spoken, is lively and dynamic. Machines cannot handle changes as adequately as human beings. For example, when interpreting, one word can have more than ten meanings depending on the occasion. Machines still cannot precisely distinguish different contexts."

But machine translations can be accurate for translating languages with fixed context, such as billboards, online games or contracts, she said.

Zhou Min, an English instructor of Nanchang University in Jiangxi Province, said, "I am also a frequent user of machine translations when translating materials after class. The convenience is undeniable, but a machine is a machine. They still cannot respond to variations adequately, since it lacks the flexibility of human brains."

Wang Haifeng believes machine and human translators can complement each other. "A translation system can master dozens of languages and jargon in different fields. While good translators can better convey the exquisite beauty of language," he said.

When analyzing user demand, Wang found the app's visitors rise sharply at the weekend. "We believe it is because many students are using our product as an aid when doing homework," he said.

This trend has Yao Ying, a teacher at the Shanghai New Oriental language school, a little worried.

"Many of the students are using translation software. Machine translation has offered them a shortcut, but I am not sure whether it will do any good to their study considering their lack of accuracy."

"It can only supplement, not a substitute, traditional book learning," she said.

Zhou Min believes that machine translation is also changing people's attitudes towards language learning, but the enthusiasm of learning will not fade in the era of machine translations.

"For people who need to learn a certain language for occasional use, they will not have to study the language since an app can solve the problem. While for those who are learning languages as a major or planning a long-term stay in a foreign country, machine translation can help them learn more efficiently," she said.

Zou Tingfang said even if machine translations become so advanced that they can meet all translation needs in the future, people would still want to gain a working knowledge of different languages.

"People are born with the desire to express and communicate," she said, "there will always be a need of direct and in-depth communication." Endit