UNDP Report: Post-2015 Means of Implementation

2.3.2 Defining Means of Implementation

The Post-2015 Agenda "Means of Implementation" (MoI) represents one of the most controversial issues in intergovernmental negotiations. That said, a more clear definition of their contents is emerging from the just issued Zero Draft of the outcome document on the post-2015 development agenda, among other documents.

In terms of their content, discussions have already moved beyond a traditional focus on mobilizing ODA to a broader focus on making more efficient use of different types of MoI – categorized as financial and non-financial MoI – and/or considered from the perspective of jurisdiction or operating levels – and therefore divided between global, regional national policies and institutions.

Concerning financial MoI, the effective mobilization of public and private resources at both the domestic and international levels is outlined as a key factor in all documents. Particular attention is paid to the implementation of domestic resources, in terms of fiscal reforms and tax revenues, but also to enhancing the role and impact of the private sector, particularly in developing countries.

Regarding ODA, all documents state the importance of respecting prior-agreed commitments. What will be crucial is that additional financial resources are mobilized from multiple sources, either via increased South-south cooperation or via the new opportunities that arise from newly-established institutions such as the NDB and AIIB. Emphasis is placed on the role of remittances and private development assistance. All documents focus on investments, especially FDI and infrastructure. Debt sustainability is underlined in all documents as a priority area.

On non-financial MoI (or systemic policies), capacity building represents a key issue that is highlighted in all documents. Trade remains central as well though different approaches have been identified. The implementation of planned and well-managed migration policies has been highlighted as key issues (especially to drive much needed remittances).

Finally, all documents recognize the importance of enhancing global macroeconomic stability through policy coordination and policy coherence at international and regional levels in order to achieve sustainable development.